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梦想是鼓励人进步的精神动力。拿破仑曾说过,不想当将军的士兵不是好士兵。在成长的过程中,我们一定会遇到因为困难而放弃目标的情况,但是这时梦想就是我们坚持的动力。下面给大家分享一些梦想英语作文120词,希望对大家有帮助。
梦想英语作文120词1I have a dream about my career.I want to be a teacher, because I thinkteacher is a good job.Generally speaking, teachers have much knowledge.Theycan help students to enrich their knowledge.Besides, teachers can communicatewith students all the time.It helps teachers keep young at heart.Finally,teachers have two long holidays a year.In the free time, I can do many things Ilike.And I have time to travel.It makes me exciting.I must work hard torealize my dream.
梦想英语作文120词2I am studying in a middle school now, it is my second year.If you ask mewhat my occupation is, I will answer you that my occupation is student.I havestudied for many years, many students don’t like being a student, but I am notof them, I enjoy being a student.For me, I don’t have to worry about the moneyissue, I can go to play with my friends, the most important thing is, I likereading all kinds of books.I especially like to read the books about travel.Ihave a dream, when I earn enough money, I must travel around the world.So Imust work hard to realize my dream.
梦想英语作文120词3I have a dream.Compared toMartin Luther King’s, my dream is very small.Iwant to be a teacher in the future.And then I can have a two long vacations fortraveling.I can travel around the world.I can go America, Canada, New York,New Zealand, Hong Kong, Beijing, Shanghai and so on.It’s perfect.Yes, goingtravel around the world is my dream.Even I want to go to the moon fortravel.
梦想英语作文120词4As a small girl, many teachers have asked me what do I want to be in thefuture.My answer is always to be a teacher.It is my dream and I study so hardto realize it.Being a teacher can pass the knowledge to others and guide themto the right way.Thinking about the great contribution I would make, everythingis worthy.
梦想英语作文120词5When I was very small, I had always heard many stories from my uncle,because he traveled a lot.So I have made up my mind.When I grew up, I musttravel around the world, which is my biggest dream.In order to realize mydream, the first thing for me to do is to master English well, so I spend manyhours to learn.I can realize my dream some day.
导语:学校英语作文100词为范文网的会员投稿推荐,但愿对你的学习工作带来帮助。
学校是培养人才的摇篮,不同于其它企事业单位和社会组织。学校给我们带来了许多不一样的感受,也教会了我们许多的道理。下面给大家分享一些学校英语作文100词,希望对大家有帮助。
学校英语作文100词1I am a student of Hope Middle School.My campus is big and beautiful.Thereare many tall trees and beautiful flowers.There is also a big playground.Ourteachers are all very kind and friendly.They work hard and teach us verywell.They take good care of us,but they are strict with us.There are forty-fivestudents in our class.We all get on well with each other.At school,we learn manysubjects,such as Chinese,maths and English.We try our best to learn them well.Ilove my school because it’s just like my home.
学校英语作文100词2I study in a beautiful school.There are many trees and flowers in campus.It’s green all the year round.There are three buildings in my school.Two ofthem are teaching buildings and one is office and library.Our classroom islarge and bright.We are happy to study in it.Besides, there are twoplaygrounds in my school, a basketball court and a football field.After class,I often play in the basketball court.And, there are many other places for funin my school.I like my lovely school.
学校英语作文100词3My school is very big and beautiful.There is a big playground and a biggarden are behind our teaching buildings.the garden is very beautiful.There areabout 2000 students and more than 200 teachers in my school.my teachers are verykind and friendly.they are very kind to us,they often help us with our study.Ihave many good friend.we often play togeter ,I have a great time in my school.weare happy every day.I like my school very much.
学校英语作文100词4Campus activities have been organized in many universities and colleges.These activities range from academic to recreational, such as academic reports,social consulting services, speech contests, poet’s club, painting clubs,singing and dancing groups, etc.
These activities provide students with two major advantages.First of all,they play a positive role in improving students’ studies.Due to their heavyschedules, students are often busy themselves with textbooks and seldom exposethemselves to a colorful life.But the variety of the activities providesopportunities for them to relax themselves and enrich their minds and knowledge.In addition, the activities also serve students living in the “ivory tower” havelittle chance to get in touch with society.Now the activities open the door forparticipants to leave their classrooms and get to know society.
All this offers an important means for students to broaden their horizons.They believe with the right kind of guidance and help campus activities willcontinue to grow and flourish.
学校英语作文100词5Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university.Nowthe dream has come true.But how do we college students like our campuslife?
Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding.Besidesstudy, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in variousaspect.Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefitas much.In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school.The onlydifference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents lookingover their shoulder.
As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, somebosom friends to keep me company, a couple of conscientious professors toinstruct me.
土木工程毕业设计文献综述范例
文献综述正文
毕业设计是土木工程专业学生毕业前的最后学习和综合训练的阶段,是知识深化、拓宽、教学的重要过程,是学生学习、研究和实践的全面总结,也是对学生综合素质与工程实践能力的全面检验,是实现本科培养目标的重要阶段。通过毕业设计,培养了综合分析和解决问题的能力、组织管理和社交能力,培养了独立工作的能力以及严谨、扎实的工作作风和事业心、责任感。为将来走上工作岗位,顺利完成所承担的建设任务奠定基础。
本项目为缙云县邮政生产用房,集商用、办公于一体的综合性建筑,采用钢筋混凝土框架结构体系,建筑结构的类别为二类,使用年限为50年,占地面积为3987m2,总建筑面积为3934m2,底层层高4.2m,标准层层高为3.4m。
多层及高层建筑的结构体系大致有混合结构体系、框架结构体系、剪力墙结构体系、筒体结构体系、巨型结构体系。混合结构的承重墙体随着建筑高度的增加而加厚,不仅耗费大量材料,也减少了使用面积。框架结构体系是由钢筋混凝土梁、柱节点及基础为主框架,加上楼板、填充墙、屋盖组成的结构形式。框架形成可灵活布置的建筑空间,使用较方便。但是随着建筑高度的增加,水平作用使得框架底部梁柱构件的弯矩和剪力显著增加,从而导致梁柱截面尺寸和配筋量增加,到一定程度,将给建筑平面布置和空间处理带来困难,影响建筑空间的正常使用,在材料用量和造价方面也趋于不合理,因此在使用上层数受到限制。正是因为如此原因,框架结构适用于办公楼、教学楼、商场、住宅等建筑。本设计的是多层建筑,建筑的高宽比H/B小于5,抗震设防烈度为6度,建筑高度19.5m,
框架结构住宅是指以钢筋混凝土浇捣成承重梁柱,再用预制的加气混凝土、膨胀珍珠岩、浮石、蛭石、陶烂等轻质板材隔墙分户装配成而的住宅。适合大规模工业化施工,效率较高,工程质量较好。 框架结构由梁柱构成,构件截面较小,因此框架结构的承载力和刚度都较低,它的受力特点类似于竖向悬臂剪切梁,楼层越高,水平位移越慢,高层框架在纵横两个方向都承受很大的水平力,这时,现浇楼面也作为梁共同工作的,装配整体式楼面的作用则不考虑,框架结构的墙体是填充墙,起围护和分隔作用,框架结构的特点是能为建筑提供灵活的使用空间,但抗震性能差。所以选用框架结构体系较为合理。
框架是由梁、柱构件通过节点连接形成的骨架结构。框架结构的特点是由梁、柱承受竖向和水平荷载,墙仅起维护作用,其整体性和抗震性均好于混合结构,且平面布置灵活,可提供较大的使用空间,也可构成丰富多变的立面造型。国外多用钢为框架材料,而国内主要为钢筋混凝土框架,因为钢筋混凝土结构有以下的一些优点:
第一:合理的利用了钢筋和混凝土两种材料的受力性能特点,可以形成强度较高、刚度较大的结构构件。这些构件在有些情况下可以用来代替钢构件,因而能够节约钢材,降低造价。
第二:耐久性和耐火性较好,维护费用低。
第三:可模性好,结构造型灵活,可以根据使用需要浇注成各种形状的结构。
第四:现浇钢筋混凝土结构的整体性好,可通过合理的设计,使之具有良好的延性,成为“延性框架”,在地震作用下,这种延性框架具有良好的抗震性能;同时它的防震性和防辐射性也好,亦适于用作防护结构。
第五:混凝土中占比例较大的砂、石材料便于就地取材。
因为钢筋混凝土具有这些特点,所以在建筑结构、地下结构、桥梁、隧道、铁路等土木工程中得到广泛应用。混凝土以成为当今世界上用量最大的建筑材料。但是,钢筋混凝土也存在一些缺点,如自重过大,抗裂性能较差,隔热隔声性能不好,浇注混凝土时需要模板和支撑,户外施工受到季节条件限制,补强修复比较困难。这些缺点在一定程度上限制了钢筋混凝土的应用范围。随着科学技术的发展,钢筋混凝土的这些缺点正在逐步的得到克服和改善。
钢筋混凝土多层框架结构作为一种常用的结构形式, 具有如下优点:
(1) 建筑平面布置灵活,分割方便。
(2) 整体性、抗震性能好。
(3) 传力路线明确。
(4) 墙体采用轻质填充材料时,结构自重小。
(5) 承重构件与围护构件有明确分工。
毕业设计是对四年专业知识的一次综合应用、扩充和深化,也是对我们理论运用于实际设计的一次锻炼。通过毕业设计,不仅可以温习以前在课堂上学习的专业知识,同时也将学习和体会到建筑结构设计的基本技能和思想。
“缙云县邮政生产用房结构设计” ,在设计之前必须先充分理解建筑设计的内容,并收集相关的资料如建筑图集、结构计算手册及相关国标规范等,做好准备工作。
读懂建筑设计中的建筑图,如底层及标准层平面图、顶层平面图、主要立面图、剖面图,根据实际情况所选择的建筑方案,满足相关规范的要求考虑到实用、美观、符合教学目的等等各方面要求。
结构设计中根据承重框架布置方向的不同,框架的结构布置方案有横向框架承重、竖向框架承重、纵横向框架承重。多层框架是超静定结构,在计算内力之前,必须先确定杆件的截面形状、尺寸和惯性矩。为此,查阅了许多文献资料,包括标准、规范、手册、图集,以及国内外相关书籍、论文,明确了设计路线。
结构设计包括结构计算和绘制结构图两方面。结构计算又需完成基础设计、纵横向平面框架结构设计、楼盖设计、楼梯、阳台、雨蓬等结构设计,其中纵横向平面框架结构设计是最重要的,也是最难的。纵横向平面框架结构设计又涉及到框架梁、柱、节点设计,要满足“强柱弱梁,强剪弱弯,强节点弱构件”的设计原则。在本次毕业设计中采用手算和电算两种方法,手算采用分层分析法和D值法(计算竖向荷载采用分层分析法,计算水平荷载采用D值法)来完成,电算采用PKPM结构计算软件。最后,将手算与电算的结果比较,相互检验,以提高结构计算的精确度。
毕业设计是集理论与实践为一体,在设计之前作为设计者必须深入实际,调查研究,是大学四年里最重要的实践环节。通过一个完整的毕业设计,在资料查阅,文献综述与阅读,设计思路与方案的确定等方面有了较大的提高,对于相关设计规范、手册、标准图以及工程实践中常用的方法有较系统地认识了解。
幼儿学前教育和小学教育是两个毗邻的既有联系又有区别的教育阶段,它们在教育目标、教育内容、教学方式、教学手段、教学环境、学习生活安排等诸多方面具有较大的差异。儿童从幼儿园进人小学,他们必须从以自由游戏为主的生活形式转人以任务、规则为要求的生活形式,这种生活形式的巨大差异可谓人生的第一次跨越。为了帮助孩子尽快适应新的环境,提高学习的效果,必须了解幼儿园与小学的不同点,然后有针对性地采取一些必要的对策。小学一年级的教学是儿童从幼儿园进人小学的关键时期,因此英语教学起始阶段的主要任务在于:把学生领进英语学习的殿堂,培养学生学习兴趣,掌握正确的语音,语调,形成良好的学习策略和习惯。这应该是一年级教学的重点。现将我的实践探索呈现给诸位,敬请批评指正。
一、规范课堂纪律
对于一年级的孩子来说,从学前班、幼儿园到小学是的一种转型,在学习过程中,学生要注意自己行为的规范性。教师也有必要用纪律加以约束。在英语教学方面,就是要求我们从一开始就要加强良好的英语学习习惯和课堂纪律的养成训练,有步骤、有计划的在教学过程中逐一落实。学生一开始入学我就规定了口号T:“ONE TWO THREE” SS“:THREE TWO ONE”用此来规范学生,当喊完口号,学生立刻停下来。课堂上还采用小组计分制度,共分为A B C D 四个小组,用此来对每个小组进行评比和奖励。学生很有集体荣荣誉感,对此很是在意。
二.轻松愉快,巧激趣
对于小学英语课程目标的界定,张连仲教授曾经做过论述,他指出了三点:第一,小学英语教学最主要的是兴趣;第二,小学英语教学要培养学生的自信心;第三,在这个基础上,小学英语教学要使学生对语言的一些基本技能、基本知识有所了解,有所掌握,但要强调语境化。这样的排列排序反映了以人为本的教育思想,同时也告诉我们在英语教学诸多考虑因素中,我们应将激发和培养学生英语学习的兴趣、调动其积极性、使其树立自信心放在首位。如果学生失去了兴趣和信心,什么教学方法都没有用。例如在《Where is my pen》教学中,我让学生玩游戏:猜猜看Guessing game: Where is the robot?游戏规则:教师或学生用布挡住玩具盒,把robot藏起来,或在盒子上,盒子里,或在盒子底下。其他同学猜猜看on the toy box, in the toy box or under the toy box.变换toys 和places.“猜猜看”的游戏避免了枯燥乏味地机械操练,学生在游戏中加深理解了on in under 的用法,并且能够灵活运用,学习兴趣盎然。
三.方式灵活,巧记忆
充分使用多媒体教学设备,根据课堂需要,借助电视机,录音机,计算机等设备,可能使抽象内空变得更为直观,有助于增强教学效果,这也突出了以学生为主体的教学思想。对于一年级的学生我们更要习惯于多借助手势、动作、图片等方式帮助学生理解老师所说的英语,例如在教学on in under三个单词中我采用手势教学,强化学生记忆,并理解。T:Now, follow me, on in under on in under学生看着老师的手,与老师一起转拳头,以手指向手背,手心,手下学做动作,分清on in under 位置,注意速度快慢的变化,让学生边做边说,并一点一点加快速度,练习熟练度。
四.音乐,美术巧帮忙
大多数小学生都喜欢唱歌,在音乐与图画的情境中学习英语更是其融融,作业为小学英语教师,我认为一首动听的英语歌曲会让学生记信拗口的句子,一幅坳人的画面会让学生很快学会单词的读法。例如我在教受left 与right 时,让学生跟唱兔子舞“ left ,left,round....”并教学生用手跳兔子舞,学生很容易学会,并且能分清左右。音乐教学不仅让课堂活起来,也让学生锻炼了身体。
通过以上教学使我深刻体会到:小学的英语教师必须有耐心和信心,寓思想教育于情趣,融科学知识与情景,技能训练与游戏与一体,方式灵活,节奏明快,韵律和谐,琅琅上口,妙趣横生非常适合小学生的学习心理特点,是学生学习英语的好形式,总之,只要我们用心去思考、去探索、去总结、去反思,就一定会找到适合自己教学的路子,取得优异成绩。
下面由范文网的作者为你提供英语暑假趣事作文的写法。
On a sunny day, I made an appointment with some of my inseparable friends to visit our house.
Ill come up with a blackboard, a pen and a piece of magnet, then took out a pen to draw on the blackboard a person, he missed a nose, I said, "who can close your eyes to the nose up even win." Friends are scrambling to grab food, like a gift from Santa Claus.
A friend grabbed, he closed his eyes according to the magnet up, other friends all laugh loudly, he opened his eyes looked, post the nose mouth, such not only has no nose, mouth and a mole. The other friends tried and failed, and I was myself.
Then I closed my eyes and put my nose up. My friend didnt smile. I opened my eyes and said, "I did it!"
Through the summer vacation, I learned that in life, you can only succeed if you are good at watching.
第2篇:英语暑假趣事作文给你一篇英语暑假趣事作文的写作范例,你可以参考它的格式与写法,进行适当修改。
The summer vacation had come round again. i was happy that i could forget about school at least for a while. lest i fool around all through this summer vacation, i made a plan as to how to spend it. first, i thought i should go over all those things my teachers taught in the previous term so that i could have a better understanding of them. then i thought i should take up some forms of exercise, such as walking, running and rowing.
To keep me physically strong. it stood to reason that with such a good plan i should make the best of my vacation time. i did, because i lived up to what i had planned.
I enjoy summer vacation very much. Because summer vacation is the longest vacation of the year. We have more than fifty days to rest. Though it is very hot, we can either go to swim or stay in the air-conditioned room . In the evening, I like to go shopping with my friends. We can eat many things in summer, such as ice creams, watermelons, grapes,so on.In summer, I always go on a trip with my parents. Its a good chance for us to visit some nice interesting places.
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